(University of North Carolina Press) Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians owned Africans and African-Americans as slaves from the late 18th century through the end of the Civil War. Krauthamer examines the religion and community relations of the enslaved blacks, their resistance efforts, their emancipation, and their struggle to create meaningful lives in Indian Territory. Krauthamer is an associate professor of history at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst.
