A research paper by economists Anne Case *88 and Angus Deaton found that in 1999, the mortality rate for white non-Hispanics aged 50–54 with a high-school diploma or less education was 30 percent below the rate for black non-Hispanics of the same age group averaged over all education levels. By 2015, the research paper found, the pattern had reversed. An April 26 Life of the Mind story incorrectly described one of the groups being compared.