Alien Nation: Chinese Migration in the Americas from the Coolie Era Through World War II

The pivotal century of Chinese migration to the Americas is traced from the 1840s, at the start of the “coolie” trade, through World War II. Young argues that the Chinese were the first group of migrants to bear the stigma of being “alien” and were viewed as permanent outsiders, culturally and legally. Young is a professor of history at Lewis and Clark College.