The Last Utopians: Four Late Nineteenth-Century Visionaries and Their Legacy

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By Michael Robertson *85

Published March 26, 2018

Four figures — Edward Bellamy, William Morris, Edward Carpenter, and Charlotte Perkins Gilman — were writers who argued for things such as socialism and women’s rights in their utopian fiction of the 19th century. The Last Utopians (Princeton University Press) is a biography of all four writers that argues for the continuing influence of their ideas today in movements like Occupy Wall Street.

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PAW’s December 2025 cover, with a photo of Michael Park ’98.
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